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So object permanence is way more extreme than what most people with ASD or ADHD experience. You can demonstrate a lack of object permanence in young children by presenting them with a toy and then covering the toy with a blanket, while they child is watching. The child will react as if the object is gone and be unable to find the toy. It’s at some point in the toddler phase where most children pick up object permanence. For example you’d expect a 4 year old to lift the blanket they saw you place over the toy.
With ADHD it’s an attention/working memory issue. I’d expect an ND adult to know to look under the blanket they saw placed over an object immediately after it happened. Someone without object permanence couldn’t do that. It’s why peek-a-boo is a fun game for babies but not ADHD adults.
There might ve some improvement with medication for some people.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4120250/
And some training may improve working memory, although there seems to be some disagreement about how much.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13423-024-02466-8#:~:text=Meta-analyses have found that,tasks for assessment and training.